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41.
Hourly outgoing longwave radiation(OLR) from the geostationary satellite Communication Oceanography Meteorological Satellite(COMS) has been retrieved since June 2010. The COMS OLR retrieval algorithms are based on regression analyses of radiative transfer simulations for spectral functions of COMS infrared channels. This study documents the accuracies of OLRs for future climate applications by making an intercomparison of four OLRs from one single-channel algorithm(OLR12.0using the 12.0 μm channel) and three multiple-channel algorithms(OLR10.8+12.0using the 10.8 and 12.0 μm channels; OLR6.7+10.8using the 6.7 and 10.8 μm channels; and OLR All using the 6.7, 10.8, and 12.0 μm channels). The COMS OLRs from these algorithms were validated with direct measurements of OLR from a broadband radiometer of the Clouds and Earth's Radiant Energy System(CERES) over the full COMS field of view [roughly(50°S–50°N, 70°–170°E)] during April 2011.Validation results show that the root-mean-square errors of COMS OLRs are 5–7 W m-2, which indicates good agreement with CERES OLR over the vast domain. OLR6.7+10.8and OLR All have much smaller errors(~ 6 W m-2) than OLR12.0and OLR10.8+12.0(~ 8 W m-2). Moreover, the small errors of OLR6.7+10.8and OLR All are systematic and can be readily reduced through additional mean bias correction and/or radiance calibration. These results indicate a noteworthy role of the6.7 μm water vapor absorption channel in improving the accuracy of the OLRs. The dependence of the accuracy of COMS OLRs on various surface, atmospheric, and observational conditions is also discussed. 相似文献
42.
Interannual and Decadal Variations of Surface Solar Radiation over East China in the First Half of the 20th Century 下载免费PDF全文
Variability and long-term trends of sunshine duration(SSD) and total cloud cover(TCC) were studied based on surface observations from 10 meteorological stations over East China in the first half of the 20 th century. The correlation coefficients between SSD and diurnal temperature range(DTR), as well as TCC, were analyzed. SSD experienced a significant increasing trend(0.16 h d-1 per decade) from 1908 to 1936, and the maximum brightening was in autumn(0.33 h d-1 per decade). The good agreement between the variability of SSD and DTR, supported by the correlation coefficient between them of 0.72, implies that the SSD measurements were reliable. TCC showed a decreasing trend(-0.93% per decade) and was significantly inversely related to SSD(-0.74), indicating the variation of SSD was attributable to changes in cloud cover. The result was obviously different to that since the 1960 s, when clouds could not account for the decadal trend of surface solar radiation in China. 相似文献
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向下延拓航空重力数据的Tikhonov双参数正则化法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了避免正则化参数对向下延拓过程可靠成分的修正影响,提出了Tikhonov双参数正则化法。引进截断参数,将法矩阵的奇异值分为相对较大的奇异值(可靠部分)和相对较小的奇异值(不可靠部分);引进正则化参数,只对法矩阵的小奇异值进行修正,以抑制高频误差对向下延拓解的影响。采用改进的广义交互确认法(GCV)确定截断参数和正则化参数。基于EGM2008重力场模型仿真了一组航空重力数据,验证了该方法对航空重力数据向下延拓过程的有效性。 相似文献
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大连初冬一次辐射平流雾天气过程分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用大连机场地面观测资料、Micaps系统下常规资料、探空资料和NCEP/NCAR全球再分析资料,从天气形势和背景、探空资料分析和物理量诊断方面,对2009年11月30日-12月2日发生在大连地区持续性大雾天气过程做了详细分析。结果表明,本次持续性雾过程属于辐射平流雾,是在稳定的大尺度天气背景下形成的。探空资料表明,大雾发生过程中,边界层内出现一层逆温和多层逆温;边界层内近地层的逆温和充沛的水汽条件对雾的形成和长时间的维持起着重要的作用。热力结构分析表明,温度日较差大表明地面辐射冷却对本次大雾过程具有明显的作用;低层持续的弱暖平流输入,有利于近地层逆温的建立和维持。动力场结构分析表明,在中低层,大雾发生前期和维持时期,存在弱的辐合上升运动;在大雾消散期,存在明显的辐散下沉运动。水汽条件分析表明,增湿和冷却使此次大雾过程中水汽达到饱和状态产生凝结,在大雾过程的前期,存在弱的水汽辐合;在大雾消散期,存在水汽辐散。 相似文献
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Based on the high-resolution datasets collected in a sea fog field experiment at the northern coast of South China Sea, the variations of liquid water content (LWC) and net longwave radiation flux (NLRF) during two sea fog events on 16th-17th and 18th-19th March, 2008 are exaimeed by wavelet analysis, and the cooling mechanisms for fog formation and persistence are also investigated. The main results are shown as follows. (1) Sea fog may develop and persist whether it is cloudy or not aloft. However, when there is cloud aloft the LWC is less and wind speed in sea fog is higher than that in the clear sky. (2) The quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) of NLRF are observed in the formation stage of the two fogs. QPOs of LWC are only found in the developing stage no matter with cloudless or cloudy condition. (3) It is likely that sea fog forms by the cooling effects of longwave radiation and develops through the vertical mixing induced by the radiative cooling at the upper level. (4) During sea fog development and persistence, other mechanisms could also play important roles in fog-layer cooling, such as turbulent heat transport and radiation transport between air-sea interfaces. 相似文献
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南京市紫外线辐射强度的变化及影响因子 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用南京市2005-02—2009-01共4 a的紫外线辐射观测资料,分析了到达地面的紫外线辐射强度的变化特征,并探讨了云、污染物浓度和雾、霾天气等对紫外线辐射强度的影响。结果表明,低云量对紫外线强度的衰减更明显,最大达58.15%,蔽光性云层对紫外线辐射强度的衰减可达71%~80%;紫外线辐射强度与污染物浓度呈负相关,其中与NO2的相关性最好,为-0.39;晴空条件下,严重霾对紫外线辐射强度的衰减率可达20%以上,浓雾对紫外线辐射强度的衰减接近50%。 相似文献
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